The second part of Sports Science was written before but it was called Triathlon Nutrition. It was written before Blummenfelt’s ironman, where he ran a new world mark for the distance. I needed to make the connection with Sports Science because Christian could do much better by changing nutrition. I am pasting below what was written then, and will give you information on how I started inducing the use of fats in myself. You should read the beautiful paper lead by Jeff Volek before joining this venture: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0026049515003340
People have changed the entire soccer team nutrition with
a great success as it happened with the Columbus Crew in Ohio, USA. https://www.virtahealth.com/blog/steve-tashjian-carbohydrate-restriction-soccer
3 mai
2021
A long time ago, when I went to medical school, the concept of
glucose production from ketones was considered very small and very
rare. It was like a myth, because glucose level in blood was
controlling hormones related to metabolism minute to minute in normal people,
and nobody wanted to investigate ketones which were present in patients with
diabetes. It was considered irrelevant to study ketone bodies to win a Nobel
prize. Severo Ochoa worked on glycolysis (breakdown of glucose for
fuel) and fermentation since 1936 and won the Nobel Prize in 1959
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severo_Ochoa). The Krebs cycle was studied from
the point of view of glycolysis, I was told that glucose was needed in order to
burn fat. George Cahill lost the political battle in science and his
research on ketone bodies was not the one to follow. Marketing
carbohydrates changed our lives and put us in this obesity crisis worldwide, as
one of Cahill’s students put it:
This story begins in the early 1960s when the
general level of knowledge about whole‐body metabolism during human starvation was
grossly deficient. This was partly caused by a lack of accurate and specific
methods for measuring hormones and fuels in biological fluids, which became
available about 1965.1 Rigidly designed protocols for studying
human volunteers or obese patients, who underwent semi‐ or total starvation for prolonged periods
of time, were not widely employed, and much of the published data regarding
metabolic events during starvation were not readily accessible. To complicate
matters further, a great deal of the available data was confusing because much
of the supposition regarding mechanisms used by the body to survive prolonged
periods of starvation was based upon information that was obtained from
nonstandardized and often erroneous procedures for studying metabolism… The
pathway to knowledge on the nature and regulation of human fuel metabolism has
taken a long and circuitous route. It is easy to understand how physician‐scientists initially formulated erroneous
concepts regarding the requirements of the brain and other tissues for fuels
such as glucose. Ironically, studies of diabetics and patients with insulin‐induced hypoglycemia complicated (rather than
clarified) the understanding of the normal metabolism of the brain. The
treatment for diabetes became available with the discovery of insulin at the
University of Toronto in 1921–22. This scientific breakthrough was one of the
most dramatic events for the management of any disease. By lowering the level
of blood glucose, insulin's impact on a diabetic patient was sensational and seemingly
miraculous.2 However, initial research of brain metabolism
was hindered by the widespread yet erroneous hypothesis that developed as a
consequence of treating diabetic patients with insulin.3
https://iubmb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/bmb.2005.49403304246
Gluconeogenesis was considered small because
we were already eating great quantities of sugar (glucose), and the need to
produce our own glucose was not there according to doctors. Ketones
as fuel for the brain was considered just in extreme cases.
But let’s continue with Dr. Oliver Owen
narrative:
Early insulin therapy was not perfect; insulin
saved the lives of experimental animals and subsequently humans, but
researchers initially had no way of knowing how much to administer or how to
best administer it. They recognized that in the absence of insulin the
concentration of blood glucose rose to high levels and death occurred. Also,
injecting too much insulin lowered the blood glucose to a point where a
“peculiar” behavior occurred; animals and humans began frothing at the mouth,
became unconscious, developed convulsions, and died. Eating carbohydrate‐rich foods (i.e. orange juice or candy) or
receiving intravenous glucose reversed these adverse effects. Glucose was
clearly the key fuel metabolized by the brain; the possibility that other
fuels, such as ketone bodies, were also metabolized by this organ was
completely ignored. The presence of ketone bodies in the blood and urine of
insulin‐deficient diabetic patients was recognized in the 1880s and
was associated with severe disease states. In the 1920s, it became evident that
insulin lowered the content of glucose in the blood and urine of diabetic
humans, and it also removed ketone bodies. Nonetheless, the idea that insulin
controlled only glucose metabolism and that too little glucose in the blood led
to brain dysfunction led to the widely held concept that glucose was the only
fuel used by the brain. In the 1950–60s, researchers learned that insulin
lowered not only the concentration of glucose and ketone bodies in the blood
and urine but also a host of other fuels, including free fatty acids and amino
acids. Unfortunately, these isolated discoveries did not correct the widely
held misconception that ketone bodies were unhealthy and that glucose was the
only source of fuel for the brain.
¿Are we over the persecution? Tim Noakes lost
his job when he mentioned what it is here (2014), and blamed the high carb diet
marketed for the obesity epidemic. He even was accused in court, in
a trial that looked like the Greek trial of Socrates. No
wonder Noam Chomsky says that our civilization is “involuding:”
The trial of
Socrates (399 BC)[1] was held to determine
the philosopher’s guilt of two charges: asebeia (impiety) against the pantheon of Athens, and corruption
of the youth of the city-state; the accusers cited two impious acts by
Socrates: "failing to acknowledge the gods that the city
acknowledges" and "introducing new deities".
I started my “low carb way of living” approximately six
months ago. I decreased the amount of
carbs without measuring them, I still do not measure the amount of carbs I
eat. I bought a breathalyzer to measure
ketones instead, I do not use other things than the breathalyzer. I read an
article which mentions that it correlated pretty well with the blood measure of
ketones. You have to learn to use it;
how you blow, how frequently you use it (first measure is the highest). At the
beginning, my morning ketones levels were 0.1 or so. I decreased the amount of carbs even more in order
to increase the ketones level, slowly over the course of two weeks my ketones
levels increase to above 1 in the morning. I started to present “keto flu” after
two weeks which I treated with hypertonic solutions (salt in my drinks). I
still present mild “keto flu” off and on depending on the salt ingested.
Increasing the amount of proteins would stop ketosis for
several hours, and I noticed that if I take external ketones from coconut (a
spoon in my tea) I returned rapidly and easily to ketosis. I use the ketones from coconut to come back
to ketosis if I overeat fruits or proteins.
Six months later my ketones in the morning are between 1.5 to 2.5
without fasting. I am in my sixties and
feel energetic, with a pretty good memory and reasoning (good RAM memory), I
feel better than in my fifties. I am
lighter but I am interested in a better life and not to lose weight (BMI 24-25. BMI is another “subject” to review). I feel that adapting physiologically to this
kind of life takes longer than six months for a man like me following my methodology. I leave you Jeff Volek:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TFqjqqJTJQ4
