8 mai 2016

Triathlon and Medicine IV

I thought we had exhausted the subject but an article in the British Medical Journal says the opposite.  We are just starting to know about Medicine:
Analysis
Medical error—the third leading cause of death in the US
BMJ 2016353 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.i2139 (Published 03 May 2016)Cite this as: BMJ 2016;353:i2139
We have written regarding hysteria in this blog. Hysteria is considered in most of our patients followed by an internist.  Most of the patients are treated for something medical when the problem has little to do with the “soma;” or the chief complaint is vaguely related to the “soma.”  Research biases are present frequently in our decision to treat, but we have problems related to ignorance, lack of judgement or poor ability to perform a procedure.  Ignorance, lack of judgement and poor ability to perform have to do with the way we teach and learn medicine.
Let´s take the example of antibiotics.  We assume that most of them do not affect human cells or that is worth to take the risk of using an antibiotic.  Antibiotics affect dramatically performance and they have a more negative impact when they inhibit protein synthesis in the “bug.”  Protein inhibitors antibiotics have a less pronounced effect on the host but they inhibit certain proteins.  Quinolones are known to interfere with metabolism of the muscular system directly affecting it; it is something we can see and considered proven.  Poor performance related to the same medication is difficult to proof and to consider proven although who cares for patients can see it; it is better to compete with the illness than to have antibiotics before performing, two or three days before the meet.  Inhibition of proteins from many systems is present to some degree, which are very difficult to study. In my clinical practice I have seen patients superinfected with fungus after a treatment with a Quinolone for peritonitis.
Fluoroquinolone-associated tendon disruption, including rupture, is well described in the literature. Although the Achilles tendon is the most susceptible site, other tendons may be affected. Typically, spontaneous tendon rupture occurs during or shortly after a course of therapy, but symptoms may occur months after taking fluoroquinolones. Whether fluoroquinolones should be used in patients with a history of tendon problems or with risk factors for the development of tendon ruptures depends on the seriousness of the infection and the alternatives available. Awareness of the association between tendon disorders and fluoroquinolones may lead to enhanced surveillance, which should be extended to sites beyond the Achilles tendon and to periods of months after a course of these antibiotics.
Brain Res. 1983 Dec 12;288(1-2):253-9.
Effects of antibiotics, minocycline and ampicillin, on human sleep.
Abstract
The effects of two kinds of antibiotics, minocycline (MNC) and ampicillin (AB-PC), on human sleep were investigated on 19 healthy male students to test for a relationship between human sleep and protein synthesis. These drugs and placebos were capsulated identically in appearance and were given to the subjects using the single blind method. MNC has been proven to prevent protein synthesis whereas AB-PC does not inhibit protein synthesis, and both antibiotics are commonly used in clinical practice. With the administration of a single dose of 200 mg of MNC, an apparent decrease in slow wave sleep (SWS) was revealed on the drug night and the effects lasted through the following two consecutive nights being given a placebo. REM sleep was not reduced on all the recording nights. On the other hand, both SWS and REM sleep were not reduced with the administration of a single dose of 500 mg of AB-PC. These results are different from those previously obtained from animal experiments since many kinds of protein synthesis inhibitors have been proven to suppress mainly REM sleep in animals. It might be supposed that the species difference may be responsible for this difference, and that some proteins or polypeptides induce human sleep, especially SWS.

The changes taking place in Medicine over the years are related to hygiene, nutrition and antibiotics therapy in addition to surgery.  Recovery should be a big one to improve medical care; recovery as in an athlete.  Most of the time people get chronically sick because they never recovery of the activities they performed during days, weeks or years.

Let´s listen to Brian Goldman, he speaks about medical mistakes in a personal way.  I see less patients than him, my mistakes are related to choices in treatment.


Please see our previous post related to Medicine.
28 nov. 2014

15 sept. 2014
We have written a previous post on Medicine and timidly spoke about the problems related to research: 
There are very few things like the one I mentioned above observing and testing athletes; they are well done by Medicine.  On the contrary, we have made many mistakes in Medicine that takes a long time to recuperate from.  We have had the Framingham Study for a long time but we continue to believe in consensus instead of looking at the data very closely.
Lately, more and more doctors and researchers are looking at these problems of biases and errors.  Our Federation has done and advertises researches done by them that are directing us to abuses against athletes and failures in our performance as a nation.  If Mario Mola or Richard Murray would be Mexicans they would not be able to compete internationally because they would be unable to give the “MARCAS MÍNIMAS,” required by the Mexican Federation.

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